This is a good question! By considering the main character's traits as the story develops, we can more easily discover how those traits change as a result of the events in the story--or simply as a consequence of the character maturing through age. And in fact, Hallelujah is decidedly immature at first; the story is partially about her coming to a more mature understanding of herself and the world. However, based on her name, we also expect that something about her personality should reveal joy and gratitude. (You shout "Hallelujah" to express happiness and praise, often in church.)
When we meet Hallelujah, she's only eleven years old, so it's understandable that she's self-centered and wants her own way. As the story opens, Hallelujah is enacting an elaborate plan to trick Miss Tilly into giving her some extra reward for her usual chores. The twist is that Hallelujah actually enjoys the chores, especially once she gets started. But she thinks she can get something extra out of Miss Tilly anyway if she causes a fuss and keeps asking why she, just a little girl, has to be the one to do all that work.
At the same time, Hallelujah is full of curiosity and interest in the world. For example, when she takes the food donations to the poor Irish immigrants who have trouble finding work, she honestly wants to know why they accept her offerings when they would turn away the same stuff from adults who brought the food. Hallelujah notices the oddness of the situation and wants to understand more about the nature of shame and charity.
Finally, Hallelujah harbors a bit of anger and loneliness. She's an orphan, but she hates when people use that word, "orphan," around her. "Being an orphan made her angry; made her sometimes act mean; and after she acted mean, she felt even angrier." Hallelujah even feels a disconnection from her sister, Mary Jane, who's already reached adulthood. Because we notice how disconnected and angry Hallelujah sometimes feels, we understand that the story's events should help her find companionship and inner peace.
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