There are several factors that affect the rate of a chemical reaction. Concentration of reactants is one. Answer choice C represents the most concentrated solution of HCl. Here are the concentrations, in molarity, of each choice:
A. 40 g HCl X (1 mole/36.5 g) = 1.1 moles
1.1 moles/1 L = 1.1 M
B. 20 g HCl x (1 mole/36.5 g) = 0.55 moles
0.55 moles/1 L = 0.55 M
C....
There are several factors that affect the rate of a chemical reaction. Concentration of reactants is one. Answer choice C represents the most concentrated solution of HCl. Here are the concentrations, in molarity, of each choice:
A. 40 g HCl X (1 mole/36.5 g) = 1.1 moles
1.1 moles/1 L = 1.1 M
B. 20 g HCl x (1 mole/36.5 g) = 0.55 moles
0.55 moles/1 L = 0.55 M
C. 10 g HCl x (1 mole/36.5 g) = 0.27 moles
0.27 moles/0.1 L = 2.7 M
D. 4 g HCl x (1 mole/36.5g) = 0.11 moles
0.11 moles/0.05 L = 2.2 M
You can see from these calculations that choice C has the highest molarity, 2.7 M.
The conversion for g of water to liters is 1000g = 1000ml =1 L, because water has a density of 1.00 g/ml at 25ºC.
Since solution C is the most concentrated, it will initially have more collisions between H+ ions in solution and magnesium ions compared to the other choices. More frequent collisions results in a higher rate of reaction.
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