A plot diagram is shaped much like a triangle or a mountain. As we see in "Mrs. Welty's Guide to Literary Elements," to draw a plot diagram, we begin with the exposition at the base of the triangle, in the bottom left-hand corner. The exposition is generally found at the beginning of the story and includes the setting, the characters, and the central conflicts, all the elements needed to tell a story. At the top of the triangle is the climax. The climax is the turning point in the story, the most intense moment of the conflict in which the rising action turns into falling action. Along the left-hand side of the triangle, we draw the rising action, which refers to all events related to the conflict that help bring the story to its climax. After the climax, we draw the falling action along the right-hand side of the triangle. The falling action includes all events that leads to the story's resolution; the resolution is, of course, the way in which the problem pertaining to the conflict is solved, bringing the story to an end. The resolution is drawn in the bottom right-hand corner of the base of the triangle.
In Black Beauty, exposition is found primarily in the beginning of the novel, but author Anna Sewell creates exposition any time she introduces a new character that is important to either the conflict or resolution and relays that character's background information. Through exposition within the first four chapters, we learn quite a few details: (1) the story is first set in a country village in England; (2) the protagonist and narrator grew up as a colt in an open meadow overlooking his master's house; (3) the protagonist's mother's name was Duchess; (4) the protagonist was first called Darkie by his master, whom we later learn is Farmer Grey; (5) he is later renamed Black Beauty when he is sold to Squire Gordon of Birtwick Park; and (6) since he is a thoroughbred, his mother has advised him to "grow up gentle and good" and to have a strong work ethic. As the book progresses, through exposition, we learn details of the homes he is sold to, the various masters he works for, the various grooms who tend to him, and about other horses he meets.
The conflict concerns Black Beauty's struggles against the cruel and foolish natures of his human caretakers. Since he is battling against other characters, we call this a character vs. character conflict. But, his battle is completely determined by fate, and he has absolutely no control over the outcome of his battle; therefore, this is also a character vs. fate conflict. The climax of this conflict occurs when he is finally mistreated to the point that he collapses while working and believes himself to be dying. The rising action leading to this conflict include all the various homes he is sold to, all the different kinds of care he receives, and all the different kinds of work he does that leads up to his collapse. The resolution occurs the moment he is sold to Miss Blomefield and Miss Ellen, who offer him a good and nurturing home under the care of one of his previous grooms, one of the best he has ever known.
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